One Health: The Human-Animal-Environment Interf...

One Health is an emerging global key concept integrating human and animal health through international research and policy. The complex relationships between the human and animal have resulted in a human-animal-environment interface since prehistorical times. The people, animals, plants, and the environment are so intrinsically linked that prevention of risks and the mitigation of effects of crises that originate at the interface between humans, animals, and their environments can only improve health and wellbeing. The "One Health" approach has been successfully implemented in numerous projects around the world. The containment of pandemic threats such as avian influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome within months of outbreak are few examples of successful applications of the One Health paradigm. The paper begins with a brief overview of the human-animal interface and continues with the socio-economic and public health impact caused by various zoonotic diseases such as Middle East respiratory syndrome, Influenza, and Ebola virus. This is followed by the role of "One Health" to deal the global problem by the global solution. It emphasizes the interdisciplinary collaboration,training for health professionals and institutional support to minimize global health threats due to infectious diseases. The broad definition of the concept is supposed to lead multiple interpretations that impede the effective implementation of One Health approach within veterinary profession, within the medical profession, by wildlife specialists and by environmentalists, while on the other side, it gives a value of interdisciplinary collaboration for reducing threats in human-animal-environment interface.

One Health: The Human-Animal-Environment Interf...

Public health systems must therefore be resilient and prepared to face existing and future disease threats at the human-animal-environment interface. This Operational Framework provides a practical reference toward achieving that aim, with the following key objectives:

Outline activities and interventions with a starting point at the human-animal-environment interface, highlight proposed methods of institutional and technical implementation, and enable mechanisms of coordination and partnership to build more collaborative public health systems.In its entirety, the Operational Framework provides a strong orientation to One Health to assist users in understanding and implementing it, from rationale to concrete guidance for its application. Six core chapters are included, supported by annexes diving deeper into operational tools and recent World Bank alignment with One Health topics, and a glossary that explains key terms, including interpretations specific to the Operational Framework.

This Operational Framework is designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the One Health concept and operational guidance for One Health application (what, why and how). It is envisioned for use in existing and future projects undertaken by the World Bank and its client countries and technical partners.Certain sections (e.g. chapters 1-2) are more relevant to the preparation of background sections or policy documents, given their emphasis on the human-animal-environment interface, whereas others (e.g. chapters 3-6) provide particular tools, entry points and steps that can be extracted and used in the development and function of projects and programs.

There is no single person, institution, or sector that can address health challenges at the animal-human-environment interface. One Health is gaining traction in the United States and around the world as a successful strategy for combating health challenges at the human-animal-environment interface, such as zoonotic illnesses. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC) employs a One Health approach in monitoring and controlling public health threats, as well as learning about how diseases spread among people, animals, plants, and the environment. This effort involves experts in human, animal, and environmental health, as well as other relevant disciplines and sectors.

"November 3, 2021, marks the sixth annual One Health Day, a global campaign that celebrates and brings attention to the need for a One Health approach to address shared health threats at the human-animal-environment interface." ( -health-day.html)

Although not a new concept (in the past it was also known as One Medicine), One Health is a relatively new worldwide strategy that draws upon collaboration from veterinary medicine, human medicine, public health, environmental health, wildlife health, and agriculture) to better understand the human-animal-environment interface.

Emerging zoonotic diseases, food- and water-borne diseases, and environmental change pose increasing threats to health on a global basis. Improvements are needed in our ability to detect and respond to emerging zoonotic agents, particularly those that appear suddenly and are capable of spreading over large areas. The emergence of diseases is a huge public health threat everywhere, especially now that we are able to travel to almost any place in the world in a day. This session will focus on implementing One Health principles via monitoring and surveillance at the human-animal-environment interface. 041b061a72